Stomach:
Stomach is present between the Oesophagus and First part of the small intestine i.e. duodenum.
It is a “J” shaped organ present on the left side of the body and just below the diaphragm.
It is divided into “Four” parts as follows,
Cardia: Superior opening, contains “Cardiac Sphincter”.
Fundus: Superior rounded portion.
Body: Central portion below the fundus.
Pylorus: last part, below body, made up of two parts,
Pyloric Antrum:
Pyloric canal: It contains “Pyloric Sphincter”.
Stomach Cells of Stomach:
Mucous cells: secrete mucus that protects against stress and acid.
Parietal cells: secrete hydrochloric acid
Chief cells: secrete pepsin, a proteolytic enzyme
G cells: secrete the hormone gastrin
Functions of Stomach:
Reservoir of food.
Secretes gastric acid.
Gastric acid aids in the process of digestion.
Acidic pH in the stomach kills the microbes present in the food.
The churning movements of the stomach cause mixing of food with gastric juices.
The pepsin present in gastric juice helps in protein digestion.
The gastric lipases start digestion of fats.
Acidic drugs like Aspirin get absorbed from the stomach.
Mucosal membrane and mucus of the stomach protects the linings of the stomach from gastric acid.
Cardiac sphincter prevents reflux of acidic contents in the oesophagus.
Pyloric sphincter regulates entry of chyme in the small intestine and reverse entry into the stomach.
Commonly Asked Questions.
Draw a well labelled diagram showing anatomy of the stomach.
Give different functions of the stomach.
Write a short note on “Stomach”.